Compound Finals in Pinyin

 

DIPHTHONG/TRIPHTHONG FINALS

 

Vowel
+
Vowel/
Diphthong
=
Diphthong/Triphthong
>
w/Initial
a
+
i
=
ai
 
 
dai
a
+
o
=
ao
 
 
dao
o
+
u
=
ou
 
 
dou
e
+
i
=
ei
 
 
dei
i
[yi]*
+
a
=
ia
[ya]*
 
 
jia
i
+
e
=
ie
[ye]
 
 
jie
i
+
ou
=
i(o)u**
[you]
 
 
jiu
i
+
ao
=
iao
[yao]
 
 
jiao
 
u
[wu]
+
a
=
ua
[wa]
 
 
gua
u
+
o
=
uo
[wo]
 
 
guo
u
+
ei
=
u(e)i
[wei]
 
 
gui
u
+
ai
=
uai
[wai]
 
 
guai
 
ü
[yu]
+
e
=
üe
[yue]
 
 
jue

 

Diphthongs and Triphthongs are the sum of their combined vowels. However, in order to produce a double or triple vowel, sometimes the first or second vowel moves forward in the mouth to accommodate the pronounciation of the following vowel. In the chart above, these "moving" vowels are noted in red.

*Brackets [ ] indicate the spelling of the syllable when there is no initial consonant.

**Parentheses () indicate that a vowel letter has been omitted.

 

 

 

 

NASAL FINALS

 

Vowel + Nasal =

Nasal Final

[Syllabel w/o Initial]

 > Syllable w/Initial
a
+
n
=
an
 
lan
e
+
n
=
en
 
men
a
+
ng
=
ang
 
mang
e
+
ng
=
eng
 
leng
o
+
ng
=
ong
 
long
i
[yi]
+
an
=
ian
[yan]
 
mian
i
+
en
=
i(e)n
[yin]
 
min
i
+
ang
=
iang
[yang]
 
qiang
i
+
eng
=
i(e)ng
[ying]
 
jing
i
+
ong
=
iong
[yong]
 
xiong
u
[wu]
+
an
=
uan
[wan]
 
shuan
ü
[yu]
+
an
=
üan
[yuan]
 
xuan
u
[wu]
+
en
=
u(e)n
[wen]
 
chun
ü
[yu]
+
en
=
ü(e)n
[yun]
 
qun
u
[wu]
+
ang
=
uang
[wang]
 
zhuang
u
+
eng
=
ueng
[weng]